Baby Tooth Decay

Baby Tooth Decay Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, Prevention

Management of Acute BBTD


ECC or BBTD has been classified into acute and non-acute. Both types differ in their treatments. This article emphasizes the available treatment methods for acute S-ECC. They are described as follows.

• Immediate Treatment

Those affected with acute S-ECC express pain, infection and discomfort as symptoms. They need medications like painkillers like paracetamol, ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, etc and antibiotics like amoxicillin, penicillin V, erythromycin, metronidazole, etc. In case of severe cases, hospitalization may be needed before definitive treatment.

• Stabilization of dentition

The rapid progression of caries can easily penetrate the dentine of the permanent teeth of the young ones and enter the pulp soon which will be damaged shortly. In the initial treatment, identification and extraction must be considered without delaying so that the teeth are completely unrestorable. Temporization before definitive treatment is good for those teeth.

• Definitive Treatment

Extraction of primary teeth is just one of the options for managing S-ECC. This decision can be made after considering a few general and local factors. The general factors include

1. Medical condition
2. Patient’s cooperation
3. Immunocompromised condition
4. Dental infection – risk for patient’s morbidity
5. Bleeding disorder

The local factors include

1. Restorability
2. The site and extent of the caries, if it includes the roots or pulp, etc
3. Probability for malocclusion in the dentition development, i.e., balancing and compensating the extraction must be accounted.

The employment of general anaesthesia must also be considered, since it differs in the case of children and their tolerance levels. This is very important in the case of several teeth being extracted and at the same time needing others to be treated using restorative materials. The indications for anaesthesia are

1. Children are non-cooperative such that the dentist cannot communicate in a better manner
2. Children with learning disabilities
3. Children with extensive dental anxiety
4. Very young children who are non-cooperative even by the use of normal behavioral guidance procedures.
5. Children with systematic disturbances or congenital anomalies which need general anaesthesia

Follow-up

Children who have S-ECC or BBTD must be constantly reviewed for detecting any changes, however small they may be. Children who have been detected with clear indications of any active oral disease or any of the symptoms, which may occur previously to the onset of the disease, must be reviewed every 4 months until the disease is in control.

Compromised children must be reviewed based on the severity of the affected disease or impairment or any other oral findings. Providing support through the appropriate preventive strategies available for cases of re-mineralization and arrest of any carious lesions is essential. It is the duty to the dentists to provide this kind of support. For proper effective treatment, the same dentist must be employed so that the entire history of the patient is known better.